Arqit Quantum Inc. (NASDAQ: ARQQ) Stronger simpler encryption September 2021
2 Disclaimer The following presentation, the information communicated during any delivery of the presentation and any question and answer ses sion and any other materials distributed at or in connection with the presentation (collectively, this “presentation”) has be en prepared by Arqit Quantum Inc. (“Arqit”). This presentation may not be reproduced or distributed, in whole or in part. No Representations and Warranties This presentation is for informational purposes only. This presentation is not intended to form the basis of any investment d eci sion and does not constitute investment, tax or legal advice. 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These factors are difficult to predict accurately and may be beyond Arqit’s control. Forward - looking statements in this communication or elsewhere speak only as of the date made. New uncertainties and ri sks arise from time to time, and it is impossible for Arqit to predict these events or how they may affect it. Except as required by law, Arqit does not have any duty to, and does no t intend to, update or revise the forward - looking statements in this communication or elsewhere after the date this communicatio n is issued. In light of these risks and uncertainties, investors should keep in mind that results, events or developments discussed in any f orw ard - looking statement made in this communication may not occur. Uncertainties and risk factors that could affect Arqit’s future performance and cause results to differ from the forward - looking statements in this release include, but are not limited to: (i) risks that the business combination disrupts Arqit’s current plans and operations, (ii) the outcome of any legal proceedings that may be instituted against the Arqit related to the business combination, (iii) the ability to maintain the listing of Arqit’s securities on a national securities exchange, (iv) changes in the competitive and regulated industries in which Arqit operate s, variations in operating performance across competitors, changes in laws and regulations affecting Arqit’s business and changes in the combined capital structure, (v) the ability to implement business plans, forecasts, and other exp ec tations after the completion of the business combination, and identify and realize additional opportunities, (vi) the potential inability of Arqit to convert its pipeline or orders in backlog into revenue, (vii) the potential inabilit y o f Arqit to successfully deliver its operational technology which is still in development, (viii) the risk of interruption or fa ilure of Arqit’s information technology and communications system and (ix) the enforceability of Arqit’s intellectual property. Industry and Market Data In this presentation, Arqit relies on and refers to publicly available information and statistics regarding market participan ts in the sectors in which Arqit competes and other industry data. Any comparison of Arqit to the industry or to any of its com pet itors is based on this publicly available information and statistics and such comparisons assume the reliability of the information available to Arq it. Arqit obtained this information and these statistics from third - party sources, including reports by market research firms and company filings. While Arqit believes such third - party information is reliable, there can be no assurance as to the accuracy or completeness of the ind icated information. Arqit has not independently verified the information provided by the third - party sources. Trademarks This presentation may contain trademarks, service marks, trade names and copyrights of other companies, which are the propert y o f their respective owners. 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Use of Projections This presentation also contains certain financial forecasts, including projected revenue, gross profit, EBITDA and unlevered fre e cash flow (“ uFCF ”) for Arqit’s fiscal years 2021 through 2025. Arqit’s independent auditors have not audited, reviewed, compiled or performed any procedures with respect to the projections for the purpose of their inclusion in this presentation, and accordingly, they ha ve not expressed an opinion or provided any other form of assurance with respect thereto for the purpose of this presentation . T hese projections are for illustrative purposes only and should not be relied upon as being necessarily indicative of future results. In this pres ent ation, certain of the above - mentioned projected information has been provided for purposes of providing comparisons with histori cal data. The assumptions and estimates underlying the prospective financial information are inherently uncertain and are subject to a wide va riety of significant business, economic and competitive risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ mat eri ally from those contained in the prospective financial information. Projections are inherently uncertain due to a number of factors outside of Arqit’s control. Additionally, the projections are based on current business plans and if new business plans are developed and/or im pl emented there is no assurance that the projections presented herein will be applicable. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the pr osp ective results are indicative of Arqit’s future performance or that actual results will not differ materially from those presented in the prospective financial information. Inclusion of the prospective financial information in this presentation should not be regarded as a re pre sentation by any person that the results contained in the prospective financial information will be achieved. Use of Non - GAAP Financial Measures This presentation includes certain projections of non - GAAP financial measures, such as EBITDA (and related measures), and certai n ratios and other metrics derived therefrom. Arqit believes that these non - GAAP measures are useful to investors for two princ ipal reasons: 1) these measures may assist investors in comparing performance over various reporting periods on a consistent basis b y removing from operating results the impact of items that do not reflect core operating performance and 2) these measures are used by Arqit’s management and board of directors to assess its performance and may (subject to the limitations described below) enable inves to rs to compare the performance of Arqit and the combined company to its competition. Arqit believes that the use of these non - GAA P financial measures provides an additional tool for investors to use in evaluating ongoing operating results and trends. These n on - GAAP financial measures are not measures of financial performance in accordance with GAAP and may exclude items that are sign ificant in understanding and assessing Arqit’s financial results. Therefore, these non - GAAP measures should not be considered in isolation from, or as an alternative to, fina ncial measures determined in accordance with GAAP. Due to the forward - looking nature of these non - GAAP financial measures, a reconciliation of non - GAAP financial measures in this presentation to the most directly comparable GAAP fi nancial measures is not included, because, without unreasonable effort, Arqit is unable to predict with reasonable certainty the amount or timing of non - GAAP adjustments that are used to calculate these forward - looking non - GAAP financial measures. The non - GAAP finan cial measures included in this presentation may not be comparable to similarly - titled measures presented by other companies. Ce rtain monetary amounts, percentages and other figures included in this presentation have been subject to rounding adjustments. Cert ain other amounts that appear in this presentation may not sum due to rounding.
Vision Our mission is to use our world leading quantum encryption platform to keep safe the data of our governments, enterprises and citizens. 3 Arqit’s quantum tech stack allows lightweight end point software to create encryption keys which are computationally secure, zero trust and one time in infinite numbers and infinite group sizes. We already taking the software to market at pace.
Problem: legacy encryption is obsolete 4 ▪ PKI was designed decades ago ▪ It was never intended to protect our hyper connected world ▪ It has many vulnerabilities in its implementation for attackers to exploit ▪ Quantum computers will soon compromise the mathematics at the heart of PKI ▪ The world is being urged to create and adopt new protections ▪ The efforts to make PKI more resistant to quantum attack are temporary, and pose grave problems in usability “We need to determine where, why, and with what priority vulnerable public - key algorithms will need to be replaced, and we need to understand the constraints that apply to specific use cases. These initial steps in developing and implementing algorithm migration playbooks can and should begin immediately.” National Institute of Science and Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce, April 28 th 2021
5 Solution: A new way to distribute symmetric encryption keys Arqit transformational innovation A completely new way to create and distribute unbreakable symmetric keys 1,435 patent claims filed Symmetric keys are the solution Long random number cannot be broken by computers Used with physical couriers for decades Previously not possible to distribute them electronically with adequate security Suitable for hyper scale Software, fulfilled from the cloud, automatically creates keys in infinite volumes at minimal cost. Solves the problem for every connected device in the world Simple to implement The keys are used in a global standard algorithm that is already widely used called AES256
6 Transatlantic leadership in cloud encryption David Bestwick CTO & Founder Former CTO, Avanti plc. Marconi engineer. Astrophysicist. Royal Aeronautical Society medal winner Dr Daniel Shiu Chief Cryptographer Former Head of Mathematics & National Technical Authority for Cryptographic Design & Quantum Information Processing, GCHQ Inventor of SSL, Security CTO Sales Force, Operating Partner, Evolution Equity Partners Dr Taher Elgamal Adviser, Investor Former Engineering Director, McAfee UK Enterprise Data Protection David Webb Chief Engineer Former Deputy Chief of Staff for Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance, and Cyber Effects Operations, U.S. Air Force General VeraLinn Jamieson Director Former Chief of Research and Innovation, GCHQ and the Deputy Chief Scientific Advisor for National Security Daryl Burns Inventor, Consultant Former Group CISO, HSBC & CTO, Cisco. PhD Cryptography. Fellow Royal Academy of Engineering Dr Alison Vincent Adviser 44 years’ experience since winning the IBM prize aged 13 specialising in High Performance Computing Dr Barry Childe Chief Innovation officer Former Chief Executive, GCHQ Sir Iain Lobban Adviser Formerly 22 Years a Main Board Director at GCHQ. PhD in Quantum Molecular Dynamics Dr Geoffrey Taylor, CB Co - Founder, Adviser David Williams CEO & Founder Former CEO & Co - Founder, Avanti plc. TMT Banker. Queens Award for Exports 2016 Nick Pointon CFO Former CFO, Privitar. Ex VP Finance, King Digital. KPMG ACA Former four - star Vice Chief of Staff of the US Air Force. Retired 2020 Gen Seve Wilson Director Air Vice Marshal RAF Capability, highly decorated aviator & military leader Air Vice Marshal Rocky Rochelle CB COO Former Director, Jumo World and Avanti Government Services. British Army Officer who led the UK’s Counter Terrorism Planning for 2012 Olympic Games Paul Feenan Chief Revenue Officer Formerly of IBM and Hewlett Packard. PhD in Post Quantum Cryptography Stephen Holmes Chief Product Officer
7 What does the product do? ▪ Quantum satellites will put the root source of symmetric key data into global data centres to form the QuantumCloud TM ▪ In our network today, the role of satellites is emulated in data centres, which is very secure. But, targeted for 2023, we intend to launch two quantum satellites and for the network to become fully quantum safe end to end ▪ Devices like phones, servers or cars want to communicate together ▪ They both send information about their own key to the QuantumCloud TM ▪ That information is transformed and returned to both ▪ The devices can now create a NEW shared symmetric key ▪ They use that key inside an AES256 algorithm to securely share information over the internet ▪ These keys are computationally secure and can never be known by a third party A moat of 1,435 patent claims
“Arqit is paving the way in developing a new generation of quantum technologies that defend against sophisticated cyber - attacks on national governments”. - UK Government Minister for Science, Amanda Solloway MP “ We are proud to be providing this technology to UK customers, which will bolster our industry - leading security capabilities.” - Howard Watson, Chief Technology Officer of BT “an opportunity to contribute enhancement of cyber security capabilities for the important benefit of Japanese governments, e nte rprises and citizens.” - Eiji Ishida, Executive Officer and General Manager, Sumitomo Corporation “With the support of the Canadian government, we have been pleased to be associated with Arqit's commercial mission … which w ill further the collective security goals of the ‘Five Eyes’ community of nations”. Marina Mississian , Senior Director Honeywell “Arqit ... a key element of Leonardo’s strategy to establish and deliver next generation systems to our customers enabling ef fec tive and secure multi - domain operations including in the cyber and space domains”. - Norman Bone, Chair and Managing Director, Leonardo UK “Leveraging our U.S. expertise related to market access for quantum encryption technology has the potential to add significan t v alue to our customer solutions.” Nick Chaffey, Chief Executive of Northrop Grumman UK, Europe and Middle East “.. a ground - breaking approach to legal innovation that has given us an opportunity to shape the next generation of KYC and complian ce software.” Dr Justin Hill, Partner at Dentons 8 What are Customers Saying ?
Commercial strategy - scalable business model 9 Product • Software is downloaded by customers and used automatically • Software API calls for keys to be created when needed, which triggers billing Distribution • Channel partners resell the service – strategy to get early traction • Any customer globally can buy direct and use in the cloud. A web fulfilled hyperscale strategy Customers • Initial focus on Defence, Telecoms, Financial Services, Automation • Ultimately every global device is a target - smart phone, IoT sensor, car, plane, cloud machine. Pricing • Service price based on metered API calls for key creation • Defence customers buy a private instance service for fixed price per annum Cost structure and margin profile • Low variable cost • Low capex – two satellites will deliver 2 quadrillion keys per annum
Large and growing information security and risk management market 10 Arqit plays into every subsegment $125.8bn $194.3bn Note: Calculations performed by Arqit Limited, charts/graphics created by Arqit Limited based on Gartner research. Source: Gartner, Inc ., Forecast: Total Global Information Security and Risk Management End User Spending by Subsegment , Billions of US Dollars. 2019 - 2024 (Information Security and Risk Management, Worldwide, 2018 - 2024, 4Q20 Update), Krishnendu Bal, Rustam Malik, Christian Canales, Ruggero Contu , Lawrence Pingree, Elizabeth Kim, John A. Wheeler, Mark Driver, Nat Smith, Swati Rakheja , 22 Dec 2020. All statements in this report attributable to Gartner represent Arqit Limited’s interpretation of data, research opinion or viewpoints published as part of a syndicated subscription service by Gartner, Inc., and have not been reviewed by Gartner. Each Gartner pub lication speaks as of its original publication date (and not as of the date of this [presentation/report]). The opinions expr ess ed in Gartner publications are not representations of fact and are subject to change without notice. 2.8 4.7 9.7 19.0 15.8 35.1 4.2 6.8 13.1 20.1 58.3 90.5 6.2 7.9 2019 2024 Consumer Security Software Security Services Other Information Security Software Network Security Equipment Integrated Risk Management Infrastructure Protection Identity Access Management Data Security Cloud Security Application Security
Material backlog and pipeline already secured 11 Government of UK Government of UK ~$1.1 billion of backlog and pipeline ~$130m ~$110m ~$140m ~$740m Executed contracts for project or annual recurring revenues Contracts for annual recurring revenues under negotiation Framework contracts for technology pilots signed or in or in advanced negotiation Other business development pipeline Note: These projections are for illustrative purposes only and should not be relied upon as being necessarily indicative of fut ure results. Terms for contracts under negotiation are subject to modification or may not be finalised. Backlog and pipeline r eflects both existing contractual commitments, as well as initial revenue indications from potential customers that have not been contractually com mit ted. Actual sales may differ materially from projected volume. BP Represents a very small proportion of the target market for the Platform - as - a - Service, but provides a good start Major payment network
Early distribution strategy backed by blue - chip partners Tech applies to every vertical in the World, but early Customers secured in key vertical markets 12 Note: Existing customers and contracts under negotiation Defence Telco Financial Services Automation Making fixed and 5G networks end to end secure. Securing the future battlespace. Connected cars. Smart cities. Global payment networks. Identity. Blockchain. BP Major payment network Government of UK
13 Monetisation ▪ There are three different ways for customers to pay Arqit for the QuantumCloud TM : ▪ A channel partner (like a national telco) sells to large enterprises and government departments and pays Arqit net of its margin – operating now ▪ A defence customer buys a “private instance” from Arqit directly – operating now ▪ A SME buys in the cloud from Arqit directly – cloud fulfilment strategy for Q4 2021
Distributors deliver early go - to - market wins 14 Typical Customer 1 – The Channel Partner ▪ Distributors want early exclusive advantage ▪ We offer quasi territorial or sectoral exclusivity ▪ In return, a binding revenue commitment over five years ▪ When they sell more than the minimum they pay more ▪ They are obliged to sell to sub - distributors ▪ We retain right to sell direct Value proposition ▪ We publish a retail price ▪ The distributor pays 60% of retail ▪ Targeting a master distributor in each major target economy A Typical Minimum Revenue Commitment (US$) # of Enterprise Customers Required to Fill Commitment Year 1 $0.7m 1.6 Year 2 $2.2m 5 Year 3 $6.9m 14 Year 4 $13.1m 23 Year 5 $20.9m 34 Assumptions £500 per End Point per Annum, Average Number of End Points: 1.2k 40% Wholesale Discount A typical Tier 2 telco will have approximately 1 million enterprise & public sector customers Signing 34 enterprise customers in 5 years is a trivial <1% of a Tier 2 telco’s typical customer base Conclusions ▪ Two blue chips signed this deal already and have begun the distribution process ▪ Minimum revenue targets are not challenging ▪ Telcos will also consume the QuantumCloud TM inside their own network ▪ Material upside in this strategy Typical Distributor Revenue Commitment & End Customers Required to Fill It Note: This example is for illustrative purposes only and should not be relied upon as being necessarily indicative of future re sults. Terms for contracts under negotiation are subject to modification or may not be finalised. Actual sales may differ mate rially from projected volume.
Identifying major revenue sources early on 15 Typical Customer 2 – Private Instance ▪ Defence users are early adopters ▪ There is currently NO COMPETITOR to match Arqit ▪ Governments WANT the Arqit tech ▪ BUT they want a private instance » They want to control physical security of infra from kinetic attack ▪ So we created FQS which gives them all that PLUS more ▪ A turnkey platform including satellite, optical ground receivers, QuantumCloud Œ software ▪ Commissioning support and training and 2nd line support ▪ Interoperability with and back up from other allied FQS customers ▪ One FQS private instance is expected to deliver minimum $19m net revenue per annum ▪ Revenues scale as usage requires more satellites ▪ We initially target 30 NATO allied countries Note: This example is for illustrative purposes only and should not be relied upon as being necessarily indicative of future re sults. Terms for contracts under negotiation are subject to modification or may not be finalised. Actual sales may differ mate rially from projected volume.
Scaling the business through global SME adoption 16 Typical Customer 3 – Cloud Delivered Enterprise ▪ Initial marketing focussed on MDAs and Government ▪ The Cloud delivered version of QuanutmCloud TM will be launched in 2022, meaning: ▪ Customer validation done on line ▪ Contract signature and payment online ▪ All software and support delivered online ▪ Entry level services for paired devices and low key refresh rate can be as little as $25 per month Note: This example is for illustrative purposes only and should not be relied upon as being necessarily indicative of future re sults. Terms for contracts under negotiation are subject to modification or may not be finalised. Actual sales may differ mate rially from projected volume. # End Points in Network End Point Group Sizes Customer begins here Transitions to here with network effect ▪ Pricing is determined by a three dimensional grid ▪ As devices connect to more devices, network size grows and key refresh rate increases. ▪ The network effect takes revenue per customer up at an equivalent rate
17 Financial projections highlights Dec - YE, $ m 2021E 2022E 2023E 2024E 2025E Quantum Cloud TM 4 16 148 400 660 Project revenues 11 16 5 2 - Total r evenue 14 32 153 402 660 % growth 125% 371% 163% 64% Total COGS (5) (9) (13) (23) (51) Gross profit 10 24 140 378 609 % margin 66% 72% 91% 94% 92% ( - ) R&D expense (4) (5) (21) (28) (37) ( - ) Sales & Marketing expense (6) (9) (22) (44) (73) ( - ) G&A expense (5) (7) (15) (18) (22) EBITDA (6) 3 82 288 477 % margin (39%) 9% 53% 72% 72% ( - ) CapEx (a) (26) (24) (21) (1) 1 ( - ) Change in NWC 7 - - - - ( - ) Tax expense - - - (64) (111) uFCF (25) (21) 60 223 367 % revenue n/m n/m 39% 55% 56% % cash conversion n/m n/m 74% 77% 77% Note: Metrics that are considered non - GAAP financial measures are presented on a non - GAAP basis without reconciliation of such f orward - looking non - GAAP measures. For more information around non - GAAP financial measures, see slide 3. These projections are for illustrative purposes only and should not be relied upon as b ein g necessarily indicative of future results. (a) Currently includes R&D contract revenues, subject to future contract terminology these projects may be accounted for as “ Gra nts” or as credits to capex
18 Transaction – NASDAQ: ARQQ Arqit Quantum Inc. was admitted to NASDAQ on September 7 th following a business combination with Centricus Acquisition Corp Gross proceeds were $115m, Net $96m Approximately double the funding requirement of the Arqit business plan was covered, delivering significant headroom Capitalisation Amount % Ordinary shares in issue* 110.1 81.9% ESOP 8.5 7.0% Warrants 14.9 11.1% Total 133.5 100% Ownership Amount % Arqit Founders* 88.2 80.1% Public and PIPE Investors 21.9 19.9% Total 110.1 100% Excludes 10 million shares in deferred consideration conditional on share price exceeding $12.50 per share for any 20 days du rin g a consecutive 30 day trading period within three years from closing
Defining the peer group for Arqit 19 x First movers in new categories x Similar high growth profile Capital intensive unlike Arqit Not as profitable in near term as Arqit Recent SPAC transactions Established security x Security software end market Mature / relatively low growth Government tech x Similar end customers i.e. government Higher proportion of hardware (for AXON) High growth security and infrastructure x Disruptive platform and technology x Similar growth profile Do not own a combination of critical infrastructure and end point security as Arqit
20 Highly Attractive Investment Case Product solves an existential threat to the entire digital world Arqit can stop the cyber attacks crippling infrastructure and services Product LIVE and for sale today QuantumCloud TM V1.0 released July Strong customer base $130m in contracts already from blue chip enterprise and government customers and $1.1bn+ pipeline Hyperscale revenue growth A cloud delivered model allows vast TAM to be penetrated quickly Globally unique and highly protected technology Arqit is four years ahead of RoW , with a Patent Moat of 1435 patent claims World leading management team Vast experience of leadership in Tech, Defence and Intelligence High EBITDA margins Minimal operating expenses and operational leverage expected to result in c.70% margins Note: Metrics that are considered non - GAAP financial measures are presented on a non - GAAP basis without reconciliation of such forward - looking non - GAAP measures. For more information around non - GAAP financial measures, see slide 3; These projections are for illustrative purposes only and should not be relied upon as being necessaril y i ndicative of future results; Backlog and pipeline reflects both existing contractual commitments, as well as initial revenue indications from potential customers that have not been contractually committed. Actual sales may di ffer materially from projected volume.
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